Atrial
Fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia affecting millions of people and
the number is rising, it is therefore important to understand the risk factors
causing AF. Risk factors such as hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease,
type 2 diabetes mellitus increase the risk of AF. However, the underlying
etiology in a majority of patients remains elusive. Many of the endocrine disorders
have been implicated in causing AF and an in depth knowledge of these disorders
helps in early diagnosis and treatment. Due to the high prevalence of AF and
its complications, it is thus important to recognize these risk factors and
have a low threshold for suspicion while other common causes are being
excluded. In this review we summarize the issues related to AF and endocrine disorders.
A better understanding of the relationship may lead to the development of the
primary preventive strategies, fostering a more preventive and predictive
approach that may result in decreased incidence of AF and its associated complications
and provide personalized treatment options. For this review we carried out a search
of pubmed, the words or combination of words we used for our search include Endocrine
disorders, metabolic disorders, Dyslipidemia, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Vitamin
D, Hyperthyroidism, Primary aldosteronism, Pheochromocytoma, Obesity, Hypercalcemia,
Hypogonadism, Medications, and AF. We also retrieved articles from the
references of retrieved articles.
Credits: Manjari Devidi; Avanija Buddam; Sunil Dacha; D.Sudhaker Rao