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Systematic Review of Contiguous Vessel and Valve InjuryAssociated with Endocardial Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Devices


Endocardial LAAO has been increasingly utilized in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients who are not suitable for long term oral anticoagulation. While overall procedural complications have decreased, rare complications like contiguous vessel and valve injury may be more frequently seen in the future with increase in the procedure volume. We performed a systematic search using predefined terms which reviewed all cases published in literature of contiguous vessel (pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and left circumflex artery) and mitral valve injury caused by LAAO devices. Our results showed that Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP) and Amplatzer Amulet devices were the most commonly used devices.Pulmonary artery perforation was the most commonly seen collateral vessel injury associated with LAAO. Close proximity of left atrial appendage to pulmonary artery was noted in all cases of pulmonary artery injury.Pulmonary artery injury commonly manifests as pericardial tamponade with hemodynamic collapse and is often fatal. Most common denominator of all the reviewed cases was the presence of an oversized LAAO device. In conclusion, collateral vessels and valveinjurycan be seen after LAAO mostly with double lobe devices such as ACP or Amulet. Increasedawarenessby the operators along with proper imaging and investigations could potentially mitigate such rare complications associated with LAAO.

Credits: Sharan Prakash Sharma, Ghulam Murtaza, Bader Madoukh, Donita Atkins, Cherie Nydegger, Courtney Jeffery, Sudha Bommana, Edward Wang, Rakesh Gopinathannair, Jacqueline Saw, Andrea Natale, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy


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